Warning: include(breadcrumbs.htm): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/vhosts/hhp.orgfree.com/nca/nca06/3739-PS.php on line 15
Warning: include(): Failed opening 'breadcrumbs.htm' for inclusion (include_path='.:/opt/remi/php74/root/usr/share/pear:/opt/remi/php74/root/usr/share/php:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php') in /home/vhosts/hhp.orgfree.com/nca/nca06/3739-PS.php on line 15
Copy of document 3739-PS
AFFIDAVIT TO ACCOMPANY MEMORANDUM
ON THE GERMAN GENERAL STAFF AND
HIGH COMMAND.
We, Peter John Ambrose Calvocoressi, of Guise House, Aspley Guise,
Bletchley, in the County of Buckingham, barrister-at-law, Acting Wing
Commander in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, and Oliver Charles
Berthoud, of 79 Streathbourne Road, London, S.WA7, schoolmaster, Major
in the Intelligence Corps, jointly and severally make oath and say as
follows:
1. In September 1945 we were detailed by the Joint Intelligence
Sub-Committee of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to go to Nurnberg, Germany,
to advise and assist the prosecutors of major Axis war criminals before
the International Military Tribunal.
2. Acting in such capacity we were required to draw up a list of the
persons comprised in the “General Staff and High Command Group” of the
German Armed Forces, as defined in the Indictment presented to the said
Tribunal. The document now produced and shown to us, marked A, is a copy
of the list compiled by us in pursuance of this request.
3. In compiling this list we consulted the relevant Intelligence
departments of the Admiralty, the War Office and the Air Ministry, and
we used lists produced for us by those departments as the basis for our
own final list. In cases which seemed to us to be doubtful and to
require further elucidation or confirmation we caused inquiries to be
made of senior German officers, now prisoners of war in England and
Germany.
4. We do not claim that the said final list is wholly exhaustive or
necessarily correct in every detail. In particular some of the dates
there given are now known to us to be slightly inaccurate. It will be
seen, moreover, that certain names were overlooked in the first place
and appended as corrigenda. It may be that there are a few further
omissions which we have not spotted. We are, however, confident that the
said list is a substantially accurate and substantially complete list of
the members of the said “General Stall and High Command Group".
5. Officers who qualified for inclusion in the said group by reason of
no more than a f ew weeks' service in a post or comrnand comprised in
the said definition in the Indictment were omitted from the list.
[signed] Peter Calvocoressi, Wing Commander.
(signedl Oliver Berthoud, Major.
Sworn to at 9 Old Square, Lincoln’s Inn, in the County of London before
me on this 14th day of February 1946.
[signed] W. A. Rhodes, Commissioner for Oath…
----------
THE GERMAN GENERAL STAFF AND HIGH COMMAND
Herewith are the names of all officers who held any of the positions
designated in Appendix B of the Indictment. Officers who have since died
are included with an “x” against their names. The total number of
officers involved is 131 of whom 114 are believed to be living. By
services the figures are:
Total Living
Staff Officers OKW 4 4
OKH 6 5
OKM 5 5
OKL 6 3
Commanders in Army 89 76
Chief
Navy 15 15
Air 11 10
Force
Army Commanders in Chief include one or two officers drawn from the Air
Force or SS. Hitler, C-in-C of the Army from December 1941, is excluded.
Ranks given are the highest achieved during the war.
[Pages 625 — 634]
High Command of the Armed Forces
Chief Field Marshal Keitel, 5.2.38 — May 45
Wilhelm
Chief of the Operations Col. General Jodl, Alfred Aug 39 — May 45
Staff
Deputy Chief of the Lt. Gen. v. Warlimont, April 41 -
Operations Staff Walter Sept. 44
Lt. Gen. Winter Sept. 44 — May 45
High Command of the Army
C-in-C Field Marshal v. Feb. 38 — Dec. 41
Brauchitsch, Walter
Chief of the General x Col. General Beck (?) 34 — Sept. 38
Staff
Col. General Halder, Sept. 38 -
Franz Sept. 42
Col. General Zeitzler, Sept. 42 -
Kurt July 44
Col. General Guderian, July 44 — Feb. 45
Heinz
General Krebs, Hans Feb. 45 — May 45
High Command of the Navy
C-in-C Admiral of the Fleet May 35 — 31.1.43
Raider, Erich
Admiral of the Fleet 1.2.43 — May 45
Doenitz, Karl 5
Chief of Staff of the Admiral Schniewind, Otto (?) 38 — 12.6.41
Naval War Staff
Admiral Fricke, Kurt 12.6.41 — Jan. 45
Admiral Meisel, Wilhelm Feb. 43 — May 45
High Command of the Air Force
C-in-C Reichsmarshall Goering, March 35 -
Hermann April 45
x Field Marshall Ritter v. April 45 — May
Greim, Robt. 45
Chief of the General Col. General Stumpff June 35 — Feb.
Staff 39
x Col. General Jeschonnek Feb. 39 — Nov.
43
x Col. General Korten Nov. 43 — 20.7.44
General Kreipe, Werner Aug. 44 — Oct. 44
General Koller, Karl Oct. 44 — May 45
Commanders in Chief of Army Groups and Armies
Name Appointments [Army, Theatre] Dates
Gen. Allmendinger, Karl 17, East May 44 — Jul. 44
Gen. Angelis, 2 Pz, Balkans Oct. 44 — Apr. 45
Maximilian
Col. Gen. v. Arnim, 5 Pz, Africa Dec. 42 — May 43
Juergen
Gen. Balck, Hermann 4 Pz, East Jul. 44 — Aug. 44
Army Group G Oct. 44 — Dec. 44
Col. Gen. Blaskwitz, 2, Poland Oct. 39
Johannes
9, West May 40 — June 40
1, West Oct. 40 — May 44
Army Group G, West May 44 — Sept. 44
Dec. 44 — Jan. 45
Army Group H, West Jan. 45 — Apr. 45
Gen. Blumentritt, 25, West Jan. 45 — Mar. 45
Guenther
x F.M. v. Bock, Fedor Army Group B, Poland Sept. 39 — Dec. 41
France
Army Group South, East Jan. 42 — Jul. 42
Gen. Boege, Ehrenfried 18, East Sept. 44 — May 45
Gen. Boehme 2 Pz, Balkans June 44 — Jul. 44
20 Mtn, Norway Jan. 45 — May 45
Gen. Brandenberger, 7, West Aug. 44
Erich
19, West Mar. 45 — May 45
x F.M. Busch, Ernst 16, East Oct. 39 — Oct. 43
Gen. Busse, Theodor 9, East Jan. 45 — May 45
Gen. v. der 1 Pz, East Apr. 44 — May
Chevallerie, Kurt
Gen. Christiansen, 25, West Apr. 45 — May 45
Friedrich (GAF)
x Col. Gen. Dietl, 20 Mtn, Finland Jan. 42 — June 44
Edward
Obertsgruf. Dietrich, 6 SS Pz, West/East Oct. 44 — Apr. 45
Josef
x Col. Gen. Dollmann, 7, West Sept. 39 -June 44
Friedrich
Col. Gen. v. 21, Norway Apr. 41 — May 45
Falkenhorst, Nikolaus
Gen. Foertsch, Hermann 1, West Mar. 45 — May 45
Gen. Fretter-Pico, 6, East Jul. 44 — Dec. 44
Maximilian
Col. Gen. Friessner, S. Ukraine (Renamed Jul. 44 — Dec. 44
Johannes South), East
Col. Gen. Guderian, 2 Pz, East Oct. 41 — Jan. 42
Heinz
Gen. Graser, Fritz 4 Pz, East Sept. 44 — May 45
x Col. Gen. Haase, Kurt 15, West Jan. 41 — Jan. 43
Gen. Hansen, Christian 16, East Oct. 43 — Jul. 44
Col. Gen. Harpe, Josef 9, East Nov. 43
4 Pz, East May 44 — June 44
N. Ukraine (Renamed June 44 — Jan. 45
North), East
5 Pz, West Mar. 45 — Apr. 45
Gen. Hasse, Wilhelm 17, East Apr. 45 — May 45
Obertsgruf. Hausser, 7, West Jul. 44 — Aug. 44
Paul
Col. Gen. Heinrici, 4, East Jan. 42 — Jul. 44
Gotthard
1 Pz, East Aug. 44 — Mar. 45
Vistula, East Mar. 45 — Apr. 45
Gen. Hilpert, Karl 16, East Sept. 44 — Jan. 45
Jan. 45 — Apr. 45
x RFSS Himmler, Heinrich Upper Rhine Late 44
Vistula Early 45
x Col. Gen. Hoepner, 4 Pz, East Oct. 41 — Jan. 42
Erich
Col. Gen. Hollidt, Karl 6, East Mar. 43 — Apr. 44
Gen. Hossbach, 4, East Jul. 44 — Jan. 45
Friedrich
Col. Gen. Hoth, Hermann 17, East Oct. 41 — Jan. 42
4 Pz, East Feb. 42 — Dec. 43
x Col. Gen. Hube, Hans 1 Pz, East Oct. 43 — Feb. 44
Col. Gen. Jaenecke, 17, East June 43 — May 44
Erwin
F.M. Kesselring, Albert South, Italy June 43 — Oct. 44
(renamed C) Jan. 45 — Mar. 45
Gen. Kleffel, Philipp 25, West Mar. 45 — Apr. 45
F.M. v. Kleist, Ewald 1 Pz, Balkan & East Nov. 40 — Nov. 42
Army Group A, East Nov. 42 — Mar. 44
x F.M. v. Kluge, 4, Poland, West & East Sept. 39 — Dec. 41
Guenther
Gen. v. Knobelsdorff, 1, West Sept. 44 — Dec. 44
Otto
Gen. Kreysing, Hans 8, East Dec. 44 — May 45
Gen. Kuebler, Ludwig 4, East 41 — 42
F.M. v. Kuechler, Georg 18, West/East Nov. 39 — Sept. 41
Army Group North, East Jan. 42 — Jan. 44
F.M. v. Leeb, Wilhelm Army Group C, West Sept. 39 — (?)
Army Group North, East Jun. 41 — Jan. 42
Gen. Lemelsen, Joachim 1, West May 44
14, Italy June 44
10, Italy Oct. 44
14, Italy Feb. 45 — May 45
Col. Gen. Lindemann, 18, East Jan. 42 — Mar. 44
Georg
Army Group North, East Mar. 44 — Jul. 44
F.M. List, Wilhelm 12, West Sept. 39 — June 42
Army Group A, East June 42 — Dec. 42
Gen. Loch, Herbert 18, East Mar. 44 — Sept. 44
Col. Gen. Loehr, 12, Balkans Jul. 42 — Dec. 42
Alexander
Army Group E, Balkans Dec. 42 — (?) 44
Gen. Lucht, Walter 11, East Mar. 45 — May 45
Col. Gen. v. Mackensen, 1 Pz, East Nov. 42 Mar. 43
Eberhard
14, Italy Nov. 43 — June 44
F.M v. Lewinski, 11, East Sept. 41 — Nov. 42
genannt
v. Mannstein, Fritz Army Group Don, East Nov. 42 — Jan. 43
Army Group South, East Jan. 43 — Mar. 44
Gen. v. Manteuffel, 5 Pz, West Sept. 44 — Jan. 45
Hasso
3 Pz, East Mar. 45 — May 45
F.M. Model, Walter 9, East Jan. 42 — Nov. 43
Army Group North, East Jan. 44 — May 44
Army Group North Ukraine, May 44 — June 44
East
Army Group Centre, East June 44 — Sept. 44
Army Group B, West Sept. 44 — April 45
Gen. Mueller, Friedrich 4, East Jan. 45 — May 45
Gen. Nehring, Walter 1 Pz, East Mar. 45 — Apr. 45
Gen. v. Obstfelder, 1, West Dec. 44
Hans
19, West March 45
7, West Mar. 45 — May 45
F.M. Paulus, Friedrich 6, East Feb. 42 — Feb. 43
Gen. Rasp, Siegfried 19, West Dec. 44 — Mar. 45
Col. Gen. Raus, Erhard 4 Pz, East Dec. 43
1, West May 44
3 Pz, East Aug. 44 — Mar. 45
x F.M. v. Reichenau, 10, Poland Sept. 39
Walter
6, East/West May 40 — Jan. 42
Col. Gen. Reinhardt, 3 Pz, East Oct. 41 — Aug. 44
Hans
Army Group Centre, East Aug. 44 — Jan. 45
Col. Gen. Rendulic, Dr. 2 Pz, Balkans Aug. 43 — June 44
Lothar
20 Mtn, Finland June 44 — Jan. 45
Army Group Kurland, East Jan. 45
Army Group North, East Jan. 45 — Mar. 45
Army Group Kurland, East Mar. 45 — Apr. 45
Army Group South, East Apr. 45 — May 45
x F.M. Rommel, Erwin Pz. Army, Africa Dec. 41 — May
43
Army Group B, West Nov. 43 — July
44
F.M. v. Rundstedt, Gerd Army Group South, Poland Sept. 39
Army Group A, West Apr. 40 — June 41
Army Group South, East June 41 — Dec. 41
Army Group D, West Mar. 42 — Jul. 44
Army Group D, West Sept. 44 — May 45
Col. Gen. Ruoff, 4 Pz, East Jan. 42
Richard
17, East May 42 — June 43
Col. Gen. v. Salmuth 2, East July 42 — Feb. 43
15, West Aug. 43 — Aug. 44
Col. Gen. Strauss, 9, West/East May 40 — Jan. 42
Adolf
Gen. v. Saucken, 2, East Mar. 45 — May 45
Dietrich
Col. Gen. Schmidt, 2 Pz, East Jan. 42 — July 43
Rudolf
Gen. Schlemm, Alfred 1 Para., West Nov. 44 — May 45
x Col. Gen. 11, East June 41 — Sept. 41
Ritter v. Schobert,
Eugen
F.M. Schoerner, Army Group A, East Mar. 44 — May 44
Ferdinand
Army Group S. Ukraine, May 44 — Jul. 44
East
Army Group Kurland, East Jul. 44 — Jan. 45
Army Group Centre, East Jan. 45 — May 45
Gen. Schulz, Friedrich 17, East Jul. 44 — April 45
Gen. v. Sodenstern, 19, West Aug. 43 — June 44
Georg
Orgruf. Steiner, Kurt 11, East (?) 45
Col. Gen. Student, Kurt 1 Para., West Feb. 44 — Nov. 44
Army Group H, West Dec. 44 — Jan. 45
x Gen. v. Stuelpnagel, 17, East Feb. 41 — Oct. 41
Heinrich
Gen. v. Tippelskirch, 1, West Oct. 44 — May 45
Kurt
Gen. v. Vietinghoff, 15, West Feb. 42 — Aug. 43
genannt
Scheel, Heinrich 10, Italy Aug. 43 — Oct. 44
Army Group C, Italy Oct. 44 — Jan. 45
Army Group Kurland, East Jan. 45 — Mar.
45
Army Group C, Italy Mar. 45 — May 45
F.M. Frhr. v. Weichs, 2, Poland Oct. 39 — July 42
Maximilian
France
Balkans
East
Army Group B, East Jul. 42 — Jul. 43
Army Group F, Balkans Aug. 43 — May 45
Col. Gen. Weiss, Walter 2, East Feb. 43 — Mar. 45
Army Group North, East Mar. 45 — Apr. 45
Gen. Wenck, Walter 12, East Apr. 45 — May 45
Gen. Wiese, Friedrich 19, West June 44 — Dec. 44
x F.M. v. Witzleben, 1, West Apr. 40 — Oct. 40
Erwin
Gen. Woehler, Otto 8, East Nov. 43 — Dec. 44
Gen. v. Zangen, Gustav 15, West Aug. 44 — May 45
Commanders in Chief in the Navy
Admiral of the Fleet Naval Chief Command Feb. 43 — Mar. 43
Boehm, Hermann Norway
Admiral of the Fleet Naval Group Command North July 40 — Feb. 43
Carls, Rolf
Admiral Ciliax, Otto Naval Chief Command Mar. 43 — May 45
Norway
Admiral Densch, Hermann C-in-C N. Sea Station Feb. 43 -
Admiral Foerste, Erich C-in-C N. Sea Station Mar. 43 — May 45
Admiral Fricke, Kurt Naval Group Command South Mar. 43 — Dec. 44
Admiral Guse, Guenther C-in-C Baltic Station Feb. 43 — Mar. 43
Admiral Krancke, Naval Group Command West Apr. 43 — Oct. 44
Theodore
Naval Chief Command West Oct. 44 — May 45
Admiral of the Fleet C-in-C Baltic Station Mar. 44 — Dec. 44
Kummetz, Oskar
Vice-Admiral Loewisch, Naval Chief Command South Jan. 45 — May 45
Werner
Admiral of the Fleet Naval Group Command West Sept. 42 — Apr. 43
Marschall, Wilhelm
Admiral of the Fleet Naval Group Command West Aug. 39 — Sept. 42
Saalwachter, Alfred
Admiral Schmundt, C-in-C Baltic Station Mar. 43 — Mar. 44
Hubert
Admiral Schniewind, Naval Group Command Feb. 43 — Apr. 44
Otto North/Fleet
Admiral Schuster, Karl Naval Group Command South Jul. 41 — Mar. 43
Georg
Commanders in Chief in the Air Force
Col. Gen. Dessloch, Luftflotte 4 Mar. 43 — Sept. 44
Otto
Luftflotte 3 Sept. 44 — Oct. 44
Luftflotte 4 Pct. 44 — May 45
F.M. Ritter v. Greim, Luftflotte 6 Mar. 43 — May 45
Robert
Col. Gen. Keller, Luftflotte 1 Apr. 40 — (?) 43
Alfred
F.M. Kesselring, Albert Luftflotte 1 Sept. 39 — Apr. 40
Luftflotte 2 Apr. 40 — Mar. 43
Col. Gen. Loehr, Luftflotte 4 Sept. 39 — Jul. 42
Alexander
Gen. Pflugbeil, Kurt Luftflotte 1 (?) 43 — May 45
F.M. v. Richthoffen Luftflotte 4 Jul. 43 — Mar. 43
Luftflotte 2 Mar. 23 — Aug. 44
Gen. Seidel Luftflotte 10 Oct. 44 — May 45
F.M. Sperrle, Hugo Luftflotte 3 Sept. 39 — Aug. 44
Col. Gen. Stumpff, Hans Luftflotte 5 Apr. 40 — Feb. 44
Juergen
Luftflotte Reich Feb. 44 — May 45
----------
Note
In 1933 von Blomberg as Reich Defense Minister [Reichswehrminister] had
under him a Chief of Army Staff and a Chief of Naval Staff [Chef
Heeresleitung, Chef Marineleitung] — von Fritsch and Raeder
respectively.
In May 1935 von Blomberg became Reich Minister for War and C-in-C Armed
Forces [Reichskriegsminister und Oberbefehlshaber der Wehrmacht]. The
army and navy staffs became high commands [Oberkommando des Heeres --
OKH, and Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine — OKM], their chiefs being
upgraded to commanders-in-chief [Oberbefehlshaber]. Von Fritsch and
Raeder remained in their positions.
The Air Ministry [Reichsministerium der Luftfahrt] was a separate
institution. Goering was at once Air Minister and Commander in Chief of
the Air Force [Reichsminister der Luftfahrt und Oberbefehlshaber der
Luftwaffe — R.d.L. u. Ob.d.L]. It was not until 1944 that the air set-
up was nominally brought into line with the other services and renamed
High Command of the Air Force [Oberkommando der Luftwaffe — OKL].
In obth the Reichswehrministerium and Reichskriegsministerium there was
an interservice department called the Wehrmachtamt. From this developed
in February 1938 the High Command of the Armed Forces [Oberkommando der
Wehrmacht — OKW], which superseded the War Ministry. Keitel became
Chief of the OKW [Chef OKW] and von Blomberg retired. The OKW contained
an Operations Department [Wehrmachtfuehrungsamt] — later Operations
Staff [Wehrmachtfuehrungsstab] whose Chief [Chef OKW WFSt] was Jodl.
Warlimont got the title of Deputy Chief in 1941.
Von Brauchitsch replaced von Fritsch in Feb. 1938 as Commander-in-Chief
of the Army and was in turn replaced by Hitler in Dec. 1941. Doenitz
succeeded Raeder as Commander-in-Chief of the Navy in Jan. 1943. For the
last month of the war von Greim was Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force
in the place of Goering.
The commonest terms with their normal German abbreviations and English
equivalents are:
[Page 635]
Chef Chief
Fuehrungstab Operations Staff
(Fuest)
Generalstab General Staff
(Genstab)
Heeresleitung Army Staff
Marineleitung Naval Staff
Marineoberkommando Naval Chief Command
(MOK)
Militaerbefehlshabe Military Commander
r
Oberbefehlshaber Commander-in-Chief
(OB)
Oberkommando High Command
Oberster Supreme Commander
Befehlshaber
Seekriegsleitung Naval War Staff
(SKL)
Stellvertretender Deputy Chief
Chef
(Stv.Chef)
Wehrmacht Armed Forces
Wehrmachtbefehlshab Armed Forces Commanderer
